PowerShell: native commands writing to stderr trip strict mode

Cargo/winget/npm/gcc print to stderr. PS 5.1 + EAP=Stop wraps stderr in RemoteException. Pipe through cmd /c ... 2>&1

PowerShell: native commands + stderr = silent abort

Why this rule exists

cargo install --git ... prints Updating git repository ... to STDERR as progress info, not an error. PowerShell with $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' treats every stderr line as a RemoteException and aborts the script. Same problem with winget, npm install, gcc, apt, pip.

Observed 2026-06-27 in install-speed-stack.ps1 line 61: cargo.exe : Updating git repository https://github.com/rtk-ai/rtk“ ? NativeCommandError ? script died mid-RTK-build despite the build actually succeeding (it had compiled to 100%).

Rule

When invoking ANY native command that prints progress or info to stderr:

1. Pipe through cmd /c "<cmd> 2>&1" to merge streams BEFORE PS sees them.
2. Locally set $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue' around the call:

$prev = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
try {
  & cmd /c "cargo install --locked rtk 2>&1" | Out-Host
  $rc = $LASTEXITCODE
} finally {
  $ErrorActionPreference = $prev
}
if ($rc -ne 0) { throw "...real failure..." }

Or use the Invoke-Native helper in install-agents.ps1 that wraps this.

Anti-patterns

• ? & cargo install ... 2>&1 | Out-Host — the 2>&1 redirect happens AFTER PS has already wrapped the stderr in RemoteException. Doesn’t work.
• ? Setting $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue' globally — masks real PS errors elsewhere. Always local + try/finally.
• ? cargo install ... | Out-Null — same trap, silent failure.

When the stderr is actually an error

Check $LASTEXITCODE after the call. That’s the only reliable signal for native commands; stream content is not.

Cross-refs

• powershell-ascii-only — companion rule for the OTHER PS-on-Windows gotcha (em-dashes + Windows-1252 codepage)
• automate-never-runbook — scripts must run end-to-end without manual intervention; one silent stderr-trap = whole automation broken

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